Haryana Mains 2009

Sample questions from Haryana Mains 2009

The first 10 questions of this Haryana Judiciary (HCS-JB) Mains paper.

1. Q1. . (a) On what grounds can a Court grant a decree of nullity of marriage? Critically examine the amendments made in the grounds of nullity by the Amendment Act 68 of 1976. (b) X, a Hindu male, married Y, a female, in the year 2009, with the written consent of his first wife P. Is X’s marriage with Y valid? (c) Discuss the law relating to the natural guardian of a Hindu minor. Does the law discriminate on the basis of sex? (d) (i) M, a Hindu mother, sells a 10 marla plot of her son, aged 16 years, for donation to a Medical College, for getting him admitted to the M.B.B.S. course. Is the sale valid? (ii) F, a Hindu father, in his will, appointed B, his brother, as a guardian of his son aged 10 years, ignoring the mother of the child. Whether the father’s will would be effective?

2. Q1. इस गद्यांश का अंग्रेजी से हिन्दी में अनुवाद कीजिए:— (20 अंक) “It is no doubt true that we cannot go through life without sorrow. There cannot be sunshine without shade. We should not complain that roses have thorns, but rather be grateful that thorns bear flowers. Our existence is so complex that we must expect sorrow and suffering. Many people distress themselves about the mystery of existence. But although a good man may at times be angry with the world, it is certain that no man is ever discontented with the world who did his duty in it. The world is like a looking glass; if you smile, it smiles; if you frown, it frowns back; if you look at it through a red glass, all seems red and rosy; if through a blue, all blue; if through a smoked one, all dull and dingy. Always try, then, to be happy, and face each situation in life. One must have faith in oneself and do one’s best. The result is not in one’s hand. Still, ‘Karma’ is very important. God also helps those who help themselves.”

3. Q1. अपना उल्लू सीधा करना।

4. Q1. . (a) State the circumstances when a plaint can be rejected. (b) In a civil suit, issues were framed and evidence was being recorded. However, on a certain date, defendant’s counsel pointed out that prima facie the suit was barred by limitation. The Court rejected the plaint without going into the full text of the plaint, and without hearing the plaintiff’s counsel. Whether the said rejection order is legally correct? Give reasons for your answer. (c) What do you understand by ‘indigent person’? (d) How is an application for permission to sue as an indigent person filed?

5. Q1. . (a) Discuss the law of ‘Attempt’ under the Indian Penal Code. (b) A, intending to murder Z, mixes poison with the milk and then places the glass on Z’s table. What offence did A commit? (c) Had A mixed sugar, mistaking it for poison, with the milk, and then placed the glass on Z’s table, would it make any difference to the judgement?

6. Q2. . (a) “Even without a murderous intention, a person may be guilty of murder.” Elucidate. (b) A student, without an excuse, went on firing with his revolver at a crowd of students, resulting in the death of one of the students. Discuss the criminal liability of A. (c) What should be proved by an accused to establish the defence of unsoundness of mind? A was commanded by God in his dream to sacrifice his only son. A took his son to a mosque and killed him. A then went into hiding and surrendered to police after two days. Can A’s defence of unsoundness of mind be accepted?

7. Q2. चिकना घड़़ा होना।

8. Q2. (क) निम्नलिखित गद्यांश की व्याख्या हिन्दी भाषा में कीजिए: (15 अंक) हम लोग कच्ची मिट्टी की मूर्ति के समान रहते हैं, जिसे जो जिस रूप का चाहे उस रूप का करे — चाहे राक्षस बनाए, चाहे देवता। ऐसे लोगों का साथ करना हमारे लिए बुरा है जो हमसे अधिक दृढ़ संकल्प के हैं, क्योंकि हमें उनकी हर एक बात बिना विरोध के मान लेनी पड़़ती हे। पर ऐसे लोगों का साथ करना और भी बुरा है जो हमारी ही बात को ऊपर रखते हैं, क्योंकि एसी दशा में न तो हमारे ऊपर कोई दबाव रहता है, और न हमारे लिए कोई सहारा रहता है। दोनों अवस्थाओं में जिस बात का भय रहता है, उसका पता युवा पुरुषों को प्राय: बहुत कम रहता है। यदि विवेक से काम लिया जाये तो यह भय नहीं रहता, पर युवा पुरुष प्राय: विवेक से कम काम लेते हैं। कैसे आश्चर्य की बात है कि लोग एक घोड़़ा लेते हैं, तो उसके गुण-दोष को कितना परख कर लेते हैं, पर किसी को मित्र बनाने में उसके पूर्व आचरण और प्रकृति आदि का कुछ विचार और अनुसंधान नहीं करते। वे उसमें सब अच्छी बातें मानकर अपना पूरा विश्वास जमा देते हैं। हंसमुख चेहरा, बातचीत का ढंग, थोड़़ी चतुराई या साहस — ये ही दो चार बातें किसी में देखकर लोग झटपट अपना बना लेते हैं। हम लोग यह नहीं सोचते कि मैत्री का उद्देश्य क्या है तथा जीवन के व्यवहार में उसका कुछ मूल्य भी है। यह बात हमें नहीं सूझती कि यह एक ऐसा साधन है, जिससे आत्मशिक्षा कार्य बहुत सुगम हो जाता है। एक प्राचीन विद्वान का वचन है — 'विश्वासपात्र मित्र से बड़़ी रक्षा होती है। जिसे एसा मित्र मिल जाए उसे समझना कि खजाना मिल गया।' (ख) निम्नलिखित पद्यांश की व्याख्या कीजिए:— (15 अंक) मधुवाणी में शक्ति अपरिमित, वशवर्ती श्रोता हो जाता, नयन चमक उठते पल भर में, मधु धारा में मन खो जाता। कुटिल शब्द अंतर-कानन में, चिरजीवी विष-बेल उगाते, सदा-सदा के लिए ह्रदय में, घातक वैर-विरोध जगाते। मीठी भाषा परम औषधि, पीड़़ा-व्यथा तुरत हर लेती, गिरे हुए बिखरे-टूटे को, दे उत्साह खड़़ा कर देती। तिमरावृत अंतर-घाटी में शब्द-किरण आलोक जगाती, मृत विश्वासों पर मृदु भाषा, अमृत-फुहारे झट बरसाती। जात न पूछो साध की, पूछ लीजिए ज्ञान। मोल करो तलवार का, पड़़ा रहन दो म्यान।। कस्तूरी कुंडल बसै, मृग ढूंढे बन माहि। ऐसे घट-घट राम हैं, दुनिया जानत नाहिं।। गुरु गोविंद दोउ खड़़े, काके लागूं पाय। बलिहारी गुरु अपने जिन गोविंद दियो मिलाय।। पानी केरा बुदबुदा, अस मानस की जात। देखत ही छिप जाएगा, ज्यों तारा परभात।।

9. Q2. . (a) Does a fresh suit lie in respect of the same cause of action in the following cases: (i) Where plaintiff has failed to sue for the entire claim in the previous suit. (ii) Where a suit is dismissed for non appearance of plaintiff on a date when defendant is present in the Court. (iii) When a suit abates on account of death of defendant where legal representatives have not been brought on record. (b) There is an apprehension that there may not be a fair trial in the jurisdictional Court where the cause of action has arisen. Can the place of sitting of the Court be transferred beyond the jurisdictional Court under the provisions of the Punjab Courts Act, 1918? (c) Can the following contracts be specifically enforced? (i) A contract to execute mortgage, (ii) A contract to lend money, (iii) A contract to construct a building, (iv) A contract to translate a book into another language. (v) Arun, the owner of the hotel, contracts with Balwant, to give him accommodation therein for the sale of his hosiery products and to furnish the accommodation with necessary furniture. Arun refuses to perform the contract.

10. Q2. . (a) Critically evaluate the consequences of the amendments made in the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, in 2005, in relation to the concept of coparcenary and dwelling house. (b) A male Hindu died intestate, leaving behind an adopted son, a legitimate son, a married daughter and a mother. Who, and how much share, will each get in A’s property? (c) “… clear proof of usage will outweigh the written text of law.” Discuss, bringing out the importance of custom as a source of Hindu law.

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